Top 31 Sap Ps Interview Questions You Must Prepare 19.Mar.2024

This profile is part of the “Planning Board Profile” and it determines the beginning and the end of the evaluation and planning periods. This means that reevaluation and post evaluation periods are defined automatically. This is how the Planning Board is displayed graphically.

It can be found at the following location: Project System >>> Structures >>> Operative Structures >>> Work Breakdown Structures >>> Project Coding Mask >>> Define Special Characters for Projects Transaction is OPSK .

Evaluation period is the period in which you want to control your project, and it will be displayed in your planning board. Don’t get confused with scheduling, which is how time is managed in a project. Project System >>> Structures >>> Project Planning Board >>> Define Time Profiles Transactions is OPTY .

It can be linked through DIP Profile and do Resource Related Billing for raising billing.

PS structure consists of Project Definition, WBS Elements and Networks. PS uses structures from FI/CO, MM, SD, etc. There is no structure of PS but the one provided above.

Standard structures in Project System can be found in Standard project definitions and in Standard WBS These standard structures can be used as a template to standardize project management.

This brings about the advantage of Making the processing of projects more transparent (everyone create an operative project from a standard project), Enabling comparison of projects with similar structures, Facilitates project controlling

Standard project templates CANNOT be used to capture any actual data (e.g. costs, actual materials used) and they serve as a quick way to create an operative project during implementation stage. As such, it is recommended that nominated users maintain these standard project templates at least once a year or whenever there are process changes for each type of project.

Through the Budget Profile, in transaction OPS@Path is: Project System >>> Costs >>> Budget >>> Maintain Budget Profile Among other things, you will have to define the Time Frame (Annual or Total), Exchange Rate type, whether or not Availability Control will be used, and the Budgeting Currency. There are additional settings in that path, such as defining a Budget Profile for a Project Definition among others.

In the Project Profile, you define the Controlling area, Company Code, Business Area, Plant, Functional Area, Profit Center and Project Currency for the project. If it is a sales project, you can also define Sales Organization, Distribution Channel, Division and DIP Profile. In addition, you also define the Object Class, Planning Profile, Budget Profile, Costing Sheet, Interest Profile, Investment Profile (CAPEX), Result Analysis Key (CO-PA), Settlement Profile and Settlement Rule Strategy. You will also define whether costs are actual or statistical. This information is then copied to lower level WBS elements.

Coding masks contain the sections for the external identification of projects, and they are separated by special characters. A section consists either of numbers that are represented by “0” characters in the coding mask, or alphanumeric characters that are represented by “X” characters in the mask. You can store a descriptive text for each coding mask and use lock indicators to control whether the key and the associated mask can be used for operative or standard WBS structures. Project System >>> Structures >>> Operative Structures >>> Work Breakdown Structures >>> Project Coding Mask >>> Define Project Coding Mask Transaction is OPSJ .

This will possible depend on your config, but the options I use are: 

  • Settings>General>  
  • Tick, Cumulation of reqmts, Dyn. capacity cumul. and then select the hierarchy you have set up. 
  • I then select the financial year (as we are budget driven) using Entry type A and the start/finish of the financial year. 
  • I select period Month. 
  • Then click tick. 
  • I then select the work centre I require. or arm of the hierarchy. 
  • You can then select standard overview and also select graphs or if you need a detailed list press that button.

There are five different transactions. Project Definition, WBS Elements, Network Header, Networks Overview and Network Details. There you will see a table with radio buttons that indicate whether a field should be set as Input, Required (mandatory), Display, Hide. You can also define Influence Fields and Field Groups. For Project Definition and WBS Elements: Project System >>> Structures >>> Operative Structures >>> Work Breakdown Structures >>> User Interface Settings >>> Define Field Selection for Work Breakdown Structures Transactions are OPUK (Project Definition), OPUJ (WBS Elements) For Networks: Project System >>> Structures >>> Operative Structures >>> Network >>> User Interface Settings >>> Define Field Selection for Networks Transactions are OPUA (Header), OPUB (Overview), OPUC (Details).

No, it can be done at WBS level with 'Billing' operative indicator.

Project definition is a binding framework in SAP for all organizational element created within a project (e.g. WBS and Networks). Data like company code, plant and person responsible can be defaulted into WBS if initially entered in the project definition. Such data can also be defaulted into the project definition via project profile which will then default it to subsequent WBS.

A Network in Project System module is used to represent the flow of activities or tasks within a project. During the life cycle of a project, networks are used as a basis for planning, analyzing, controlling and monitoring schedules, dates and resources.

A Network header contains all the project activities and can be used to default certain values for the entire network. Some of these fields include assignment to WBS, profit center, basic start and finish dates of the network as well as indicators for scheduling (forwards, backwards).

Project Coding helps display complex project numbers. They can also be used to indicate the position of a WBS element in the project hierarchy.

We can create a mask for every key you want to use in project coding. Project Definition has to be unique in the SAP System and also WBS Element has to be unique in the SAP System.

Project code is changeable and the hierarchy can be changed up to certain point of project status.

Project Code has 2 parts

  • Part 1: Project Identifier (Project Coding Mask)
  • Part 2: Project Number (usually a serial number)

Every project begins with a Project-ID (max. 5 Characters), Using separators to distinguish the different WBS levels. e.g.: “/”, “-“, “.” Character max. For Project Code which includes Project ID, Project Number and all separators.

There are several parameters to define in here at the structures level. First, its the Project Definition (Proj. Profile), then we have the WBS Level, and then, if used, the Network/Activity/Sub activity Level. You may include components and services. The configuration goes into Proj. Definition, WBS and Activity profiles.

The easiest way would be to define the project release process in the bottom-up fashion. That means, you will only release the activities/WBS elements that you need from time to time during the course of the project. That way, charges won’t be accrued on a WBS element until it’s released (so, don’t release it until it’s ready for collecting costs).

Project type is an object that groups projects according to criteria. Authorization and security can be done based on the project types.

You use Availability Control by defining tolerance limits, which will allow you to define by how much you can overspend. For example, you can set the system to send you a message when 95% of the budget has been spent, and stop al PR´s when you have reached 100% or 110% of the budget. Path is Project System >>> Costs >>> Budget >>> Maintain Budget Profile >>> Define Tolerance Limits.

WBS and Networks are two structures that differ in the way in which they enable you to structure projects and in the functions provided for them in the SAP system. For example, if you need a hierarchical budget management function for a project, you would want to use a WBS structure. If, in addition, you also want to do capacity planning, you would have to use one or several networks as well. Depending on the specific requirements you may be able to map a project only via a WBS structure, or by using only one or several networks, or a combination of both.

Project System is a Project management tool from SAP. Which has a very good integration with the other modules of SAP like FI, CO, MM, SD, PP, HR, DMS. This module basically co-ordinates and controls all the phases of a project, in direct co-ordination with purchasing and controlling, from quotation to design and approval, to resource management and cost settlement. Also beside the integration with the SAP module this Project system also has an integration with the third party popular Project management tools like Microsoft Projects and Primavera.

Project versions are used as snapshots of projects at different stages to keep track change history.

Yes, You can use Progress Analysis (EVA) for this.

Control Key in transaction OPSU defines whether an activity can be confirmed, scheduled, capacity requirements determination, costs, etc. Other important settings include Network Types, Parameters for Network Types, Network Profiles and Control Keys. There settings are found in the following paths: Project System >>> Structures >>> Operative Structures >>> Network >>> Settings for Networks Project System >>> Structures >>> Operative Structures >>> Network >>> Settings for Network Activities .

This is controlled through the change profile, which is assigned to the network profile. In the change profile, under the Component tab, you can define the release status of the activity at which you can create/change/delete material components.

 Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is a model of a project, and shows the project activities to be fulfilled in hierarchical form. It forms the operative basis for planning costs, revenues, and payments, as well as for scheduling, and budgeting. It also shows the responsibility.

One definition from the Project Management Institute is as follows:

  • The Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is a key planning tool used to define a project in terms of its deliverables while providing a method for breaking these deliverables into meaningful work efforts.
  • It is the functional basis for further planning steps in a project, for example, for process planning, cost planning, scheduling, capacity planning or costing, as well as project control.
  • It provides a clear picture of the project and facilitates the coordination and implementation of the project from a management standpoint.
  • It shows the work involved in a project.
  • Work Breakdown Structures (WBS) is created under an object known as Project definition.

The easiest way would be to define the project release process in the bottom-up fashion. That means, you will only release the activities/WBS elements that you need from time to time during the course of the project. That way, charges won't be accrued on a WBS element until it's released (so, don't release it until it's ready for collecting costs).

It enables to automatically change master data fields of Project Definitions, WBS Elements, Network Headers and Activities. For example, you can automatically set the cost center 9999 for those WBS Elements into which responsible persons with number 0 to 20 have been entered. Validation enables you carry out self-defined checks for master data fields of the same elements. But the result of validations consists of informational messages, warnings or error messages. For example, you can validate that projects with a specific project profile always begin with the same key.